Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy: combined screening by uterine artery Doppler, blood pressure and serum PAPP-A at 11-13 weeks.

OBJECTIVE To explore if the addition of pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) to maternal factors and biophysical markers yields a significant improvement in the detection of hypertensive disorders before the clinical onset of disease. METHODS Prospective screening study for early preeclampsia (PE), late PE and gestational hypertension (GH) in women attending their first hospital visit at 11(+0)-13(+6) weeks of gestation. The performance of screening for PE and GH by combinations of maternal factors, uterine artery with the lowest pulsatility index (L-PI), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and serum PAPP-A was determined. RESULTS There were 8061 unaffected controls, 37 of whom developed early PE, 128 with late PE and 140 with GH. Compared to the controls, in early PE and late PE MAP and uterine artery L-PI were increased and PAPP-A was decreased. In GH PAPP-A was not significantly different from controls. In screening for a combination of maternal factors, uterine artery L-PI, MAP and PAPP-A the detection rate of early PE was 83.8%, at a 5% false-positive rate. In the prediction of late PE and GH there was no significant improvement from the addition of PAPP-A to the combination of maternal factors, MAP and uterine artery L-PI. CONCLUSION Measurement of PAPP-A improves the performance of screening for early PE provided by a combination of maternal factors and biophysical tests at 11-13 weeks.